Detection Technology
What is a standard lightning impulse full wave?
time：2025/9/18 source：Wuhan UHV reading：565 time
The lightning impulse voltage generator under UHV power can help many power workers conduct various power tests more conveniently.
A standard lightning impulse full wave is a standardized voltage waveform that simulates lightning-induced overvoltages in nature. It is widely used in insulation strength tests for high-voltage electrical equipment (such as transformers, surge arresters, insulators, etc.) to verify their ability to withstand overvoltage impacts caused by lightning.
Natural lightning waveforms vary widely, but to uniformly, fairly, and repeatably test all equipment from all manufacturers in laboratories, a "standard" waveform must be defined. This ensures:
Comparability of Test Results: Test results for a transformer from Company A and one from Company B are comparable when tested under the same standard waveform.
Basis for Design: Equipment manufacturers can use this standard waveform to design and verify the insulation level of their products.
Grid Safety Guarantee: All equipment integrated into the power grid can withstand at least the impact of this standard lightning wave, greatly enhancing the overall reliability of the grid.
In laboratories, Marx generators are typically used to generate such high-amplitude impulse voltage waves.
Principle: Multiple capacitors are charged in parallel and then discharged in series through spark gap switches, superimposing the energy from lower-voltage charging into a very high-voltage pulse output.
Adjustment: By adjusting the resistance in the circuit (wavefront resistance Rf and wavetail resistance Rt), the wavefront time T1 and the time to half-peak T2 can be precisely controlled to generate a compliant 1.2/50 μs waveform.
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